PHA 4140 Course Coordinator:
Section Coordinators:
Goal:
The overall goal of this course is to understand the pathophysiology, therapeutics, and disease management of gastrointestinal, endocrine, and respiratory disease states.
Endocrinology/Respiratory Submodule:
Textbooks:
Required:
Recommended
Course Administration
Course Coordinators
The overall course coordinator is responsible for the overall administration of the course including the assignments of the final grades. Questions relative to matters concerning the overall administration of the course should be directed to the course coordinator.
Section Coordinator: The section coordinator is responsible for the administration of the section including the scheduling, preparation and administration of examinations. Questions relative to exams, grades or matters concerning the administration of the section should be directed to the section coordinator.
Instructors
Questions relative to the material presented in the lecture should be directed to the lecturer presenting the material. Questions may be directed to the section coordinator only if the lecturer cannot be contacted.
Faculty Contact:
Students are encouraged to use the course listserv (see below) as a preferred means of asking questions. The listserv is valuable when a student is seeking a timely answer or having difficulty contacting an instructor. Faculty can also be contacted by the personal e-mail route (provided) and by individual appointments or during office hours.
Course Listserv:
The MODULE listserv provides important course administration information, discussion, and answers to coursework questions. Each student is required to subscribe to the MODULE listserv if not already enrolled, and to review posted materials on a frequent basis. When submitting an email question, please begin by identifying the Instructor name. Write your question in lower case. Instructors are asked to respond in UPPER CASE. Keep in mind that this is an unmoderated public listserv. Your emails go to all subscribers and are visible to anyone visiting the listserv website.
To Subscribe: To subscribe to the Listserv, send the following email message to LISTSERV@LISTS.WAYNE.EDU
SUBSCRIBE MODULE your name (where your name is your first name followed by your last name. The LISTSERV will get your e-mail address from the "From:" address of your e-mail message. Put nothing else in the email message.
To Access MODULE Postings When Email is Down: College and/or University email systems occasionally are unavailable for indefinite periods of time. Emails to the MODULE listserv are archived. You can review all emails by visiting the MODULE website. We plan to maintain a current MODULE Listserv 1999 Archive printout on reserve in the LRC when email is unavailable for extended periods.
You can visit the archive of any WSU listserv by going to:
You can visit any listserv hosted by WSU by going to:
Office Hours
The course coordinators and instructors will be available to meet with the students during their course. All will have a minimum of two posted office hours. The office hours of the course instructors for Fall, 1999 are:
Evaluation
Examinations/Assignments
There will be 4 full-length examinations, 2 quizzes, and 2 web-based assignments in the course. Each examination will be made up of approximately 2-4 questions per hour of lecture. Exam format can vary from multiple choice, short answer fill in the blank, to essay questions. Most questions will relate to case studies involve problem based approach. Grade distribution will be as follows:
Examination Procedures
Grading Policy
The final grade will be based on the total number of points earned on the two sections. The final grading scale will be as follows:
Make-Up Examinations
In cases of serious illness or other emergencies, the section coordinator should be notified prior to the start of the examination and documentation of the event provided so that arrangement for a make-up examination can be made. Any unexcused absence from an examination will result in a grade of zero for that examination. The format of make-up exam will be at the discretion of the section coordinator.
Equal Opportunity Statement
Wayne State University is an equal opportunity/affirmative action institution and is committed to a policy of non-discrimination and equal opportunity in all of its operations, employment opportunities, educational programs and related activities.
Non-Discrimination of the Handicapped
In accordance with the Federal requirements of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, there shall be no discrimination on the basis of handicap in Wayne State University's programs, operations and activities, in the hiring, terms of and conditions or privileges or employment or any matter directly or indirectly related to such employment, or in the admission, education or treatment of students.
Academic Dishonesty
In any instance of academic dishonesty occurring in this course as defined in Section 3.0 of the University Student Due Process policy, the provision of 10.1 of the policy will be implemented as follows: the grade for the course will be reduced to an "E". In addition, charges MAY be filed, as provided for in Section 10.2 of the Policy, which may lead to further sanctions up to and including expulsion from the College or University.
| Day/Date | Time | Topic | Instructor |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tues. 11/9 | 11:15 - 13:15 | Pharmacology of GI Agents | Louis-Ferdinand |
| Wed. 11/10 | 8:00 - 10:00 | Medicinal Chemistry of GI Agents | Woster |
| Wed. 11/10 | 11:15 - 13:15 | Peptic Ulcer Disease | Dumo |
| Wed. 11/10 | 13:25 - 15:25 | PUD/NSAID GU | Dumo |
| Thurs. 11/11 | 8:00 - 10:00 | SRMD/GERD | Kale-Pradhan |
| Thurs. 11/11 | 11:15 - 13:00 | Pancreatitis | Kale-Pradhan |
| Thurs. 11/11 | 13:00 - 13:15 | Quiz 1 | 5% of Final Grade |
| Fri. 11/12 | --- | Study Day | --- |
| Mon. 11/15 | 8:00 - 10:00 | Hepatic Disease | Jaber |
| Mon. 11/15 | 11:15 - 13:15 | PUD/Hepatic Cases | Dumo/Jaber |
| Tues. 11/16 | 8:00 - 10:00 | Exam 1 | 20% of Final Grade |
| Tues. 11/16 | 11:15 - 13:15 | Pharmacology | Louis-Ferdinand |
| Wed. 11/17 | 8:00 - 10:00 | MedChem/IBD | Woster/Kale-Pradhan |
| Wed. 11/17 | 11:15 - 13:15 | Parenteral Nutrition | Kale-Pradhan |
| Wed. 11/17 | 13:25 - 15:25 | Parenteral Nutrition | Kale-Pradhan |
| Thurs. 11/18 | 8:00 - 10:00 | EN | Kale-Pradhan (Homework Due at 8 am!!!) |
| Thurs. 11/18 | 11:15 - 13:15 | Nausea/Vomiting | Jaber |
| Fri. 11/19 | --- | Study Day | --- |
| Mon. 11/22 | 8:00 - 10:00 | D/C | Laus |
| Mon. 11/22 | 11:15 - 13:15 | D/C/N/V Cases | Laus/Jaber |
| Tues. 11/23 | 8:00 - 10:00 | Exam 2 | 20% of Final Grade |
Peptic Ulcer Disease Readings:
Berardi RM. Peptic Ulcer Disease. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach; DiPiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG and Posey ML (eds), 4th edition Appleton and Lange 1999;548-570.
Pinson JB and Weart CW. Acid-Peptic Products. In: Covington T. (ed) Handbook of Nonprescription Drugs. 1996;193-224.
Objectives:
Understand the possible pathogenesis of duodenal and gastric ulcers including the role of Helicobacter pylori.
Discuss the risk factors for duodenal and gastric ulcers including NSAID-induced ulcers.
Identify the signs and symptoms and diagnostic tests for differentiation of gastrointestinal diseases.
Discuss the complications of Peptic Ulcer Disease and NSAID-induced ulcers.
Understand the mechanism of action of all ulcer medications (pharmacology lecture)
List dosage schedules used in the treatment and maintenance of Peptic Ulcer Disease and NSAID-induced ulcers.
Compare anti-secretory effects of H2-receptor antagonists, proton pump inhibitors, anticholinergics, and prostaglandins, antacids and antibacterials in the treatment and management of Peptic Ulcer Disease and NSAID-induced ulcers.
Discuss the significance of side effects/adverse reactions and drug interactions of anti-ulcer medications.
Counsel patients on the effective treatment and management of Peptic Ulcer Disorders and NSAID-induced ulcers.
Understand the structure/activity relationships and physiochemical properties relating to agents used in the treatment of PUD, and will be able to identify these agents based on their structural features.
Stress Related Mucosal Damage
Readings:
ASHP Therapeutic Guidelines on Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis. Developed through the ASHP Commission of Therapeutics and Approved by the ASHP Board of Directors on November 14, 1998. Am J Health-System Pharmacists 1999;56:346-79.
Objectives:
State the incidence and the risk factors associated with stress induced ulcers.
Differentiate between Stress Related Mucosal Damage and Chronic Peptic Ulcer
Describe the pathogenesis of stress ulcerations.
Identify major complications of stress ulcers.
List the monitoring parameters utilized in detecting the major complications of stress ulcers.
Develop a rational pharmacologic treatment plan for preventing the above complications of stress ulcers.
Describe a monitoring plan, including efficacy and toxicity profile for the prophylactic regimen chosen.
Understand the structure/activity relationships and physiochemical properties relating to agents used in the treatment of SRMD, and will be able to identify these agents based on their structural features.
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Readings:
Williams DB and Welage LS. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach; DiPiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG and Posey ML (eds), 4th edition Appleton and Lange 1999;532-547.
Objectives:
Differentiate between gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
Discuss the pathogenesis of GERD.
Describe the clinical presentation of GERD.
Outline the three phases of GERD.
Discuss the mechanism of action, doses, adverse drug reactions, drug interactions, clinical efficacy for the available drug therapy for GERD.
Understand the structure/activity relationships and physiochemical properties relating to agents used in the treatment of GERD, and will be able to identify these agents based on their structural features.
Hepatic Diseases
Readings:
Gill MA and Kirchain WR. Alcoholic Liver Disease. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach; DiPiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG and Posey ML (eds), 4th edition Appleton and Lange 1999;614-627.
Kirchain WR and Gill MA. Drug Induced Liver Disease. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach; DiPiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG and Posey ML (eds), 4th edition Appleton and Lange 1999;628-635.
Raebel MA. Viral Hepatitis. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach; DiPiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG and Posey ML (eds), 4th edition Appleton and Lange 1999;649-675.
Objectives:
Describe the diagnostic tests in liver disease.
List the clinical manifestations and major laboratory and serological abnormalities occurring in acute/chronic hepatitis and alcoholic liver diseases.
Discuss the major complications of acute/chronic hepatitis and alcoholic liver disease.
Review the classifications and histological abnormalities of drug induced liver disease and give examples.
Identify the treatment modalities for hepatic diseases and complications.
Discuss the prophylaxis including doses for acute viral hepatitis.
Understand the structure/activity relationships and physiochemical properties relating to agents used in the treatment of hepatic diseases, and will be able to identify these agents based on their structural features.
Pancreatitis
Readings:
Berardi RM and Montgomery PA. Pancreatitis. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach; DiPiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG and Posey ML (eds), 4th edition Appleton and Lange 1999;636-648.
Objectives:
Comprehend the pathophysiology and etiology of acute and chronic pancreatitis.
List drugs that are known to cause acute pancreatitis.
Understand the role of non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic treatment modalities in the management of acute and chronic pancreatitis.
Suggest appropriate pharmacologic treatments for the management of fluid depletion, electrolyte derangements, pain, chronic nutritional deficiencies and malabsorption experienced by patients with acute and chronic pancreatitis.
Understand the structure/activity relationships and physiochemical properties relating to agents used in the treatment of pancreatitis, and will be able to identify these agents based on their structural features.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
Readings:
DiPiro JT and Schade RR. Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach; DiPiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG and Posey ML (eds), 4th edition Appleton and Lange 1999;571-585.
Objectives:
Differentiate between Crohn's disease and Ulcerative colitis based upon patient presentation.
List and discuss the various etiologic factors involved in IBD
Describe the role of corticosteroids and sulfasalazine in managing IBD. More specifically, discuss:
Indicate the current thought on the use of immunosuppressives (i.e. azathioprine, cyclosporine), infliximab, immune adjuvants (i.e. levamisole), mast cell stabilizers (i.e., cromolyn sodium) in the treatment of IBD.
Describe the role of metronidazole in IBD
Discuss the use of antidiarrheal agents such as anticholinergics, antispasmodics and bile salt binding resins in IBD.
Understand the structure/activity relationships and physiochemical properties relating to agents used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, and will be able to identify these agents based on their structural features.
Nausea and Vomiting
Readings:
Taylor AT. Nausea and Vomiting. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach; DiPiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG and Posey ML (eds), 4th edition Appleton and Lange 1999;586-598.
Objectives:
Define the physical stages of vomiting.
Describe the chemoreceptor trigger zone and the vomiting center in terms of location, activation and function in emesis and the role of neurotransmitters.
List the consequences of protracted nausea and vomiting.
List and describe common causes of nausea and vomiting.
Describe the proposed mechanism of action, site of action, efficacy and side effects of the following antiemetic drugs:
Describe the potential benefits of combining two or more antiemetic agents and give examples.
Understand the structure/activity relationships and physiochemical properties relating to agents used in the treatment of nausea/vomiting, and will be able to identify these agents based on their structural features.
Diarrhea/Constipation
Readings:
Longe Rl and DiPiro JT. Diarrhea and Constipation. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach; DiPiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG and Posey ML (eds), 4th edition Appleton and Lange 1999;599-613.
Objectives:
Explain the pathophysiology and etiology of constipation and diarrhea.
Identify drugs that are known to cause constipation and diarrhea.
Recommend non-pharmacologic management of complications or causes of diarrhea and constipation.
Identify mechanisms of action, doses, adverse effects, and drug interactions of medications used in the management of diarrhea and constipation.
Recognize appropriate questions to ask a patient being assessed for diarrhea or constipation.
Determine when a patient with diarrhea or constipation should be referred to a physician for further evaluation.
Understand the structure/activity relationships and physiochemical properties relating to agents used in the treatment of diarrhea/constipation, and will be able to identify these agents based on their structural features.
Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
Readings:
Teasley-Strausburg KM and Anderson JD Assessment of Nutrition Status and Nutritional Requirements. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach; DiPiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG and Posey ML (eds), 4th edition Appleton and Lange 1999;2221-2246.
Mattox TW. Parenteral Nutrition. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach; DiPiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG and Posey ML (eds), 4th edition Appleton and Lange 1999;2247-2267.
Janson DD. Enteral Nutrition. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach; DiPiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG and Posey ML (eds), 4th edition Appleton and Lange 1999;2268-22292.
DeHart RM and Brown RO. Nutritional Considerations in Major Organ Failure. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach; DiPiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG and Posey ML (eds), 4th edition Appleton and Lange 1999;2310-2334.
Objectives:
1. List the general indications and contraindications for parenteral and enteral nutrition.
2. Discuss the utility of central and peripheral parenteral nutrition including advantages and disadvantages.
3. Discuss the various IV access utilized in parenteral nutrition.
4. Discuss major components of nutritional assessments and demonstrate the calculations for the usual requirements of fluids, carbohydrates, protein, fat and calories.
5. Design a parenteral nutrition formula for a given patient.
6. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of Total Nutrient Admixture System.
7. Dicuss the application of transitional therapy as it applies to parenteral nutrition.
8. Discuss the rationale and benefit of early enteral feeding.
9. Discuss the differences in macronutrients available in enteral formulas.
10. List three benefits that enteral products with fiber provide.
11. Discuss the advantages/disadvantages of polymeric, partially hydrolyzed and disease specific formulas.
12. Discuss formula osmolarity and its effect on enteral feeding tolerance.
13. List the indications and two advantages and disadvantages of the following access routes: nasogastric, gastrostomy and jejunostomy.
14. Discuss the difference between continuous and intermittent feedings, including advantages, disadvantages and general administration protocols.
15. Discuss complications of parenteral and enteral nutrition including mechanical, gastrointestinal, infectious and metabolic.
16. Develop monitoring guidelines for parenteral and enteral nutrition.
| Day/Date | Time | Topic | Instructor |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tues. 11/30 | 8:00 - 10:00 | Overview: Endocrine System & Hypothalamus/Pituitary | Kowluru |
| Tues. 11/30 | 11:15 - 12:15 | Overview: Endocrine | Kowluru |
| Tues. 11/30 | 12:15 - 13:15 | Thyroid, Antithyroid,Ca++ Regulating Agents | Kowluru |
| Wed. 12/1 | 8:00 - 10:00 | Biochemistry of Steroids | Kowluru |
| Wed. 12/1 | 11:15 - 12:10 | Biochemistry: Thyroid/Insulin/Sulfonylureas | Kowluru |
| Wed. 12/1 | 12:20 - 13:15 | Diabetes: Pathophysiology | Jaber |
| Wed. 12/1 | 13:25 - 15:25 | Diabetes: Complications and Treatment | Jaber |
| Thurs. 12/2 | 8:00 - 10:00 | Diabetes Management | Jaber |
| Thurs. 12/2 | 11:15 - 13:00 | Insulin Regimens/Dosing | Jaber |
| Thurs. 12/2 | 13:00 - 13:15 | Quiz 2 | 5% of Final Grade |
| Fri. 12/3 | --- | Study Day | --- |
| Mon. 12/6 | 8:00 - 10:00 | Diabetes Care Products | Robinson |
| Mon. 12/6 | 11:15 - 13:15 | Diabetes: Discussion | Jaber |
| Tues. 12/7 | 8:00 - 10:00 | Exam 3 | 20% of Final Grade |
| Tues. 12/7 | 11:15 - 13:15 | Contraception | Smith |
| Wed. 12/8 | 8:00 - 10:00 | Thyroid Diseases | Smythe |
| Wed. 12/8 | 11:15 - 13:15 | Adrenocortical Diseases | Smythe |
| Wed. 12/8 | 13:25 - 15:25 | Osteoporosis | Smythe |
| Thurs. 12/9 | 8:00 - 10:00 | Pharmacology: Pulmonary | Hirata (Homework Due at 8 am!!! |
| Thurs. 12/9 | 11:15 - 13:15 | Asthma/COPD | Munzenberger |
| Fri. 12/10 | --- | Study Day | --- |
| Mon. 12/13 | 8:00 - 9:00 | Theophylline Kinetics | Edwards |
| Mon. 12/13 | 9:00 - 10:00 | Theophylline Kinetics | Edwards |
| Mon. 12/13 | 11:15 - 13:15 | Discussion: Thyroid/Asthma | Smythe/Munzenberger |
| Tues. 12/14 | 8:00 - 10:00 | Exam 4 | 20% of Final Grade |
Overview: Endocrine System & Hypothalamus/PituitaryReadings:
Goodman & Gillman: Chapter 55; pages 1363-1382; Goodman & Gillman: Chapters 56 & 61
Objectives:
1. Develop a basic understanding of the function of the endocrine system including the physiological and anatomical relationships between the hypothalamus, pituitary, and target tissues.
2. Be able to recognize the major hormones of the endocrine system, identify the tissue where they are produced, and describe their basic physiological actions.
3. Be able to identify the type of hormone receptor mechanisms used for intercellular communication.
4. Be familiar with the physiological mechanisms used to fine tune endocrine responses, including the regulation of hormone receptors and positive/negative feedback mechanisms.
5. Be familiar with the pharmacological properties of hypothalamic and pituitary hormones.
6. To understand the biosynthetic pathway of thyroid hormone and symptoms of hyperthyroidism.
7. To understand the metabolism of calcium and its regulation by various hormones and vitamins.
Steroids, Thyroid Hormones, Insulin, & Oral Hypoglycemic Agents
Readings:
None
Objectives:
1. Students will become familiar with the structural features of the natural steroid hormones, and will be able to recognize those features that determine their targets of action.
2. Students will know, be able to recognize, and be familiar with the biochemical basis of action of the drugs based upon steroid hormones.
3. Students will become familiar with the structure-activity relationships for corticosteroids, and will thus be able to predict the effect of different structural modifications on activity.
4. Students will become familiar with the structure and biological mode of action of insulin.
5. Students will become familiar with the structure and biological mode of action of thyroid hormone.
6. Students will become familiar with the structure-activity relationships for sulfonylureas, and will be able to recognize the structural features of major drugs of this class.
7. Students will become familiar with the structure and biological mode of action of troglitazone.
Thyroid Disorders
Readings:
Objectives:
1. State the clinical and laboratory presentation, which is consistent with hypothyroidism
2. For the thyroid replacement preparations now presently available, indicate:
3. Cite limitations of laboratory tests used in the monitoring of thyroid disorders
4. Outline a pharmacotherapy plan for a patient admitted with myxedematous coma
5. Outline the differences in the use of PTU and methimazole for the management of hyperthyroidism
6. Cite treatment modalities that may be employed in a hyperthyroid patient who is unable to take thioamides
7. Outline the use of beta-blockers in hyperthyroidism
8. Provide a pharmacotherapy plan for a patient in thyroid storm
9. Recognize the similarities and differences between Graves disease and Hashimotos disease
10. Identify desired endpoints for the different pharmacotherapy agents used in treatment of hyperthyroidism; include efficacy and toxicity
Adrenal Disorders
Readings:
Objectives:
1. Differentiate between the different etiologies of Cushing's syndrome based upon results of diagnostic and laboratory tests
2. Cite the clinical presentation of Cushing's syndrome
3. Cite the mechanism, indication, area of adrenal cortex affected and side effects of the following agents used in the treatment of Cushing's syndrome: mitotane, metyrapone, aminoglutethimide, trilostane, bromocryptine, cyproheptadine and ketoconazole
4. Identify factors, which can be used to differentiate primary from secondary adrenal insufficiency
5. Develop a pharmacotherapy plan for maintenance therapy of Addison's disease, secondary adrenal insufficiency and treatment of acute, adrenal crisis
6. Understand the considerations in chronic steroid administration
7. Review a patient case and be able to choose the most appropriate drug therapy
Osteoporosis
Readings:
Objectives:
1. Describe the structure and remodeling process of bone
2. Describe the pathogenesis of osteoporosis
3. Understand the recommended use of calcium supplementation and estrogen replacement therapy in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis
4. Cite the different methods of administration for estrogen replacement therapy
5. Cite risks and benefits of estrogen replacement therapy
6. Identify an appropriate patient who is a candidate for calcitonin therapy
7. Identify agents being investigated for use in osteoporosis
8. Understand the pharmacist's role in working with patients at risk of developing and who have osteoporosis
9. Review a patient case and be able to select and/or critique the pharmacotherapy for osteoporosis in that patient
Diabetes Mellitus
Readings:
Objectives:
1. Discuss the diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and glucose intolerance
2. Describe the metabolic effects of insulin and other hormones on glucose homeostasis in subjects with or without diabetes
3. Identify the basic defects responsible for the pathogenesis of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus
4. Discuss the complications commonly associated with diabetes and their management
5. Understand the clinical implications of insulin resistance and associated metabolic disorders
6. Develop goals/objectives and strategies for the overall management of diabetes and its associated metabolic disorders
7. Outline the role/potential benefits of diet and exercise therapies in the overall management scheme
8. Compare the oral hyperglycemic agents as to mechanisms of action, indications, efficacy, doses, pharmacokinetics, side effects, and drug interactions
9. Discuss insulin therapy: conventional vs. intensive, insulin products and pharmacokinetics, administration, efficacy and side effects profile
10. Identify appropriate monitoring parameters for assessment of diabetes management
Diabetes Care Products
Readings:
Suggested Reading: OTC Handbook: Chapter 18; pages 315-359.
Objectives:
1. Identify the various insulin products and their different indications
2. Identify the different blood glucose monitors available to better assist the patient with product selection
3. Identify products available for alternative methods of insulin administration
4. Identify the various diabetes care products available in the market.
Contraception
Readings:
Required Reading: Dipiro's: Chapter 77; pages 1601-1617
Objectives:
1. Describe the proposed mechanism of action of estrogen and progestin as contraceptive agents
2. State differences between monophasic, biphasic, and triphasic as well as progestin-only oral contraceptives
3. Describe the risks associated with oral contraceptives and methods to prevent and treat them
4. Identify side effects of oral contraceptives and methods to prevent and/or treat them
5. List drug interactions associated with oral contraceptives
6. Discuss benefits of oral contraceptive usage
7. Discuss the factors to be evaluated to determine if the woman is an appropriate candidate for oral contraceptives
8. Discuss "emergency contraception"
9. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of long-acting injection or implantable progestins
10. Counsel a patient on how to effectively use contraceptives
Overview of Pulmonary System
Readings:
Goodman & Gillman: Chapter 28
Objectives:
1. Learn the pathophysiology of asthma
2. Discuss pharmacological interventions on the basis of pathophysiology
Asthma & OTC Asthma Products
Readings:
Dipiro's:
Objectives:
1. Describe the etiology, pathophysiology and symptoms associated with asthma and COPD
2. Recommend appropriate drug therapy for all situations involving asthma and COPD
3. Relate the use and action of drugs used in the treatment of asthma and COPD to the pathophysiology symptoms of the disease
4. Describe assessment/monitoring parameters associated with treating asthma and COPD
Theophylline Pharmacokinetics & Dosing
Readings:
None
Objectives:
1. Know the basic pharmacokinetic properties of theophylline including the extent and rate of absorption of different products and usual values for volume of distribution, half-life and clearance
2. Know the clinical factors, which can have a significant effect on the absorption, distribution, and metabolism of theophylline in the body
3. Be able to apply pharmacokinetic information to develop rational dosing regimens for oral and intravenous theophylline therapy
4. Understand the value of plasma concentration monitoring and be able to interpret plasma concentrations in order to adjust theophylline dosing regimens to optimize therapy for individual patients.
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